The goal of World Clinic: Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain is to provide evidence-based review articles to practicing physicians that will ultimately help them to provide enhanced and safe patient care. “Anesthesia and analgesia in labor and delivery” is a new theme of this series with the intent to provide practicing physicians with the current knowledge and understanding of obstetric anesthesia. “Anesthesia and analgesia in labor and delivery” is vital as it involves two lives. The focus of this issue is to improve clinical care and safety of women during childbirth and provide an evidence-based resource for both obstetric as well as nonobstetric anesthesiologists seeking information about pain relief in labor and anesthesia for cesarean section.