This book has four sections. Section 1 focuses on a general approach to all critically ill patients. It gives an overview of how the patients should be examined systematically, providing an outline that can be adapted to all patients. Section 2 focuses on the systemic examination of critically ill patients about the concerned organ system. It provides an overview of how a single organ system is examined systematically. This includes the examination of the patient, surroundings, monitors, and utilization of ultrasonography, imaging services, etc. Section 3 focuses on a rapid and focused approach to all critically ill patients. It gives an overview of how the patient’s clinical examination is focused and rapid during emergencies or crises. Section 4 focuses on the problem-oriented approach. This represents the application of the previous three sections, where learned principles/concepts are applied to specific situations. This division of sections helps the reader grasp the basic principles of clinical examination, from focused examination to its application. The book will be useful for trainees of various specialties who take care of critically ill patients. During the exit examinations of Fellowships, DM Critical Care Medicine, and DrNB Critical Care, the clinical examination of patients forms a key aspect of the assessment. We hope that this book may serve as a guide for all trainees, and the book will be a resource for postgraduate students and practicing critical care physicians.